By: Hegel (Simple)

Hegel (Simple) — Thu, 24 Sep 2026 10:54:18 +0000

§ 146: Firmer than mountains

For the individual, the ethical laws are at first simply something that is. They face him like a reality.

A comparison with nature:

The sun, the moon, mountains and rivers are simply there. We adapt to them. We do not build houses in the river. We do not sow in winter. Nature has authority for us.

The ethical laws have a much higher authority still. Why?

Because in nature, reason appears only hidden and by chance. A river is here and not there, for no deeper reason. In the ethical laws, by contrast, reason shows itself openly. They are firmer than any mountain.

Summary: The ethical laws face the individual as something that is. They have more authority than the things of nature. For in them, reason itself comes to light.

By: Hegel (Notes)

Hegel (Notes) — Wed, 22 Jan 1823 08:06:32 +0000

Subject αα) is ethical – stands in the unity – is in accordance – ββ) consciousness of the α) relation to duties, they are fixed – γγ) gives testimony – has itself therein thus – spirit – [Ethical laws] are – likewise in itself – as existing, – divine powers – form, divine commandments, authority or eternal determinations of reason – indifferent.
Are for the subject – subject free – duties are as essential – free – identity – universal being, custom

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By: Hegel (Simple)

By: Hegel (Notes)