Comments on: 300

By: Hegel (Simple)

Hegel (Simple) — Thu, 24 Sep 2026 11:00:21 +0000

§ 300: Who Makes the Laws?

In the legislative power, all three sides of the state work together.

The monarch makes the final decision.

The government advises. It knows the whole, its principles and the needs of the state.

And finally the estates, the representatives of the citizens.

A wrong path:

We must not exclude the members of the government from legislation. The assembly of the French Revolution did that. In England, the ministers must be members of parliament. That is right. Government and legislation should work together and not stand against each other.

Summary: The monarch, the government and the estates work together in legislation. Government and legislation should not stand apart.

By: Karl Marx

Karl Marx — Sun, 16 Jul 1843 13:13:04 +0000

The monarchical power and the governmental power are … legislative power. But if the legislative power is the totality, then, rather, the monarchical power and the governmental power would have to be moments of the legislative power. The estates element that is added is only legislative power, or the legislative power in distinction from the monarchical and governmental power.

By: Eduard Gans (Additions)

Eduard Gans (Additions) — Wed, 29 May 1833 14:22:16 +0000

It belongs among the false views of the state when one wishes to exclude the members of government from the legislative bodies, as, for instance, the constituent assembly did. In England the ministers must be members of parliament, and this is correct insofar as those who take part in government ought to stand in connection with, and not in opposition to, the legislative power. The notion of the so-called independence of the powers carries within it the fundamental error that the independent powers are nevertheless supposed to limit one another. But through this independence the unity of the state is abolished, which is above all what is to be demanded.