{"id":4355,"date":"2024-06-01T06:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-06-01T04:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/?p=4355"},"modified":"2026-08-24T10:29:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T08:29:48","slug":"21","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/21\/","title":{"rendered":"21"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The truth of this formal universality, however \u2013 a universality that is undetermined in itself and finds its determinacy in that material \u2013 is <em>the universality that determines itself<\/em>, <em>the will<\/em>, <em>freedom<\/em>. In having universality, itself, as the infinite form, for its content, object, and end, it is not only the will that is free <em>in itself<\/em>, but equally the will that is free <em>for itself<\/em> \u2013 the true Idea.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The self-consciousness of the will, as desire, drive, is <em>sensuous<\/em>, just as the sensuous in general denotes externality and hence the being-outside-itself of self-consciousness. The <em>reflecting<\/em> will has the two elements, that sensuous element and thinking universality; the will that is <em>in and for itself<\/em> has the will itself as such for its object, in its pure universality \u2013 a universality which consists precisely in this, that the <em>immediacy<\/em> of naturalness, and the <em>particularity<\/em> with which naturalness is likewise afflicted as it is brought forth by reflection, are sublated within it. But this sublating, and this raising into universality, is what is called the activity of <em>thinking<\/em>. The self-consciousness that purifies and raises its object, content, and end to this universality does so as the <em>thinking that asserts itself<\/em> within the will. Here is the <em>point at which it becomes clear<\/em> that the will is a truly free will only as thinking intelligence. The slave does not know his essence, his infinity, his freedom; he does not know himself as essence \u2013 and his not knowing himself thus means that he does not <em>think<\/em> himself. This self-consciousness, which grasps itself as essence through thinking and thereby precisely divests itself of the contingent and the untrue, constitutes the principle of right, of morality, and of all ethical life. Those who speak philosophically of right, morality, and ethical life while wishing to exclude thinking, and who appeal instead to feeling, to heart and breast, to enthusiasm, thereby express the deepest contempt into which thought and science have fallen, inasmuch as science itself, sunk in despair over itself and into the utmost lassitude, thereby makes barbarism and thoughtlessness its own principle and, so far as lies in its power, would rob human beings of all truth, worth, and dignity.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The truth of this formal universality, however \u2013 a universality that is undetermined in itself and finds its determinacy in that material \u2013 is the universality that determines itself, the will, freedom. In having universality, itself, as the infinite form, for its content, object, and end, it is not only the will that is free [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,13],"tags":[35],"class_list":["post-4355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paragraph-en","category-uncategorized","tag-concept"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4355"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4656,"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4355\/revisions\/4656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grundlinien.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}