Through this falling apart there arises the freedom for the arbitrary will of individuals, in part, in general, to employ their resources more according to the liking, opinions, and purposes of their own particularity, and, in part, to regard, as it were, a circle of friends, acquaintances, and so on, in place of a family, and to make this declaration, together with the legal consequences of inheritance, in a will.

Into the formation of such a circle, in which the ethical entitlement of the will to such a disposition over resources would lie, there enters — especially insofar as it already carries with it the relation to making a will — so much contingency, arbitrariness, and calculation for self-seeking purposes, and so on, that the ethical moment is something very vague, and the recognition of the authority of arbitrary will to make a will becomes, much more readily, an occasion for the violation of ethical relationships and for base efforts and dependencies of the same kind — just as it also gives occasion and warrant to foolish arbitrariness and malice, to attach, to so-called benefactions and gifts that only take effect upon death — in which my property, in any case, ceases to be mine — conditions of vanity and of an imperious tormenting.