Tag: Actualization

In that, within social need, as the connection of the immediate or natural need with the spiritual need of representation, the latter, as the universal, makes itself the predominant [element], there lies, in this social moment, the aspect of liberation: that the strict natural necessity of need is concealed, and the human being relates himself…

This liberation is formal, since the particularity of purposes remains the underlying content. The tendency of the social condition toward the indeterminate multiplication and specification of needs, means, and enjoyments — which, just like the distinction between natural and uncultivated need, has no bounds — luxury — is an equally infinite increase of dependence and…

The mediation of preparing and acquiring means, likewise particularized, appropriate to particularized needs, is labour, which specifies, through the most manifold processes, the material immediately supplied by nature for these many purposes. This formation now gives to the means its value and its purposiveness, so that the human being, in his consumption, relates himself chiefly…

Through the manifold of the determinations and objects that engage his interest, theoretical culture develops — not only a manifold of representations and items of knowledge, but also a mobility and quickness of representing, and of passing over from one representation to another, the grasping of complicated and general relations, and so on — the…

The universal and objective [element] in labour, however, lies in the abstraction that brings about the specification of means and needs, and thereby likewise specifies production and brings forth the division of labour. The labour of the individual becomes, through this division, simpler, and thereby the skill in his abstract labour, as well as the…

In this dependence and reciprocity of labour and of the satisfaction of needs, subjective self-seeking turns into a contribution to the satisfaction of the needs of all others — into the mediation of the particular through the universal, as a dialectical movement — so that, in that each acquires, produces, and enjoys for himself, he…

The possibility of participating in the universal resource — that is, particular resources — is, however, conditioned, in part by an immediate basis of one’s own (capital), and, in part, by skill, which is, for its part, again conditioned, in turn, by that basis, but also by contingent circumstances, whose manifold variety brings forth a…

The infinitely manifold means, and their movement, likewise infinitely interlacing, in the mutual production and exchange [of goods], gather themselves together, through the universality inherent in their content, and differentiate themselves into general masses, so that the whole context forms itself into particular systems of needs, of their means and labours, of the kinds and…

a) The substantial estate has its resources in the natural products of a soil that it works — a soil capable of being exclusive private property, and requiring not merely indeterminate use, but an objective formation. Against the tying of labour and acquisition to particular fixed periods of nature, and the dependence of the yield…

b) The estate of trade has, as its business, the formation of the natural product, and, for the means of its subsistence, is dependent on its own labour, on reflection and the understanding, as well as, essentially, on mediation with the needs and the labour of others. What it brings forth and enjoys, it has…

c) The universal estate has, as its business, the universal interests of the social condition; it must therefore be exempted from direct labour for needs, either through private means, or through being indemnified by the state, which claims its activity, so that its private interest finds its satisfaction in its labour for the universal.

The estate, as particularity that has become objective, thus divides itself, on the one hand, according to the concept, into its universal differences. On the other hand, however, natural disposition, birth, and circumstances have their influence on which particular estate the individual belongs to; but the final and essential determination lies in subjective opinion and…

The individual gives itself actuality only in that it enters into existence in general, and thus into determinate particularity, thereby exclusively restricting itself to one of the particular spheres of need. The ethical disposition, within this system, is therefore rectitude and the honour of one’s estate: to make oneself, and indeed by one’s own determination,…

Right, in that it enters into existence, at first, in the form of being-posited, also enters, according to its content, as application, into relation with the matter of the relationships and kinds of property and of contracts, which multiply and become entangled into the infinite within civil society; further, with the ethical relationships resting on…

Besides application to the particular, the being-posited of right also includes within it applicability to the individual case. Thereby it enters into the sphere of the quantitative that is undetermined by the concept (the quantitative for itself, or as the determination of value in the exchange of one qualitative thing for another qualitative thing). The…

For a public code of laws, simple, universal determinations are to be demanded, on the one hand; on the other, the nature of finite material leads to an endless further determination. The compass of the laws should, on the one hand, be a finished, closed whole; on the other, it is the ongoing need for…

Just as, in civil society, right in itself becomes law, so too the previously immediate and abstract existence of my individual right passes over into the significance of being recognized, as an existence within the existing universal will and knowing. Acquisitions and transactions concerning property must therefore be undertaken and furnished with the form that…

Since property and personality have legal recognition and validity in civil society, crime is no longer merely the violation of a subjectively infinite [right], but of the universal thing, which has an existence firm and strong in itself. There thus enters in the point of view of the danger that the act poses to society,…

The right against crime in the form of revenge (§ 102) is right only in itself, not in the form of rightfulness — that is, not just in its existence. In place of the violated party there steps forward the violated universal, which has its own peculiar actuality in the court, and takes over the…

The member of civil society has the right to stand before the court, as well as the duty to present himself before the court, and to obtain his disputed right only from the court.