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8

The further determination of particularization (β. § 6) constitutes the difference between the forms of the will: a) insofar as the determinacy is the formal opposition of the subjective and objective as an external, immediate existence, this is the formal will as self-consciousness, which finds an external world before it and, as the individuality returning into itself within its determinacy, is the process of translating the subjective purpose into objectivity through the mediation of activity and a means. In spirit as it is in and for itself—within which determinacy is simply its own and true (Encyclop., § 363)—the relationship of consciousness constitutes only the side of the appearance of the will, which is no longer considered here on its own account.

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2 responses to “8”

  1. Hegel (Notes) Avatar
    Hegel (Notes)

    [zu § 8] 1. Will in general. Form of purpose – superfluous for the further discussion.
    Material – given, found object, alteration, means – form of immediacy – as immediacy against immediacy – sensuous existence.
    2. Determinacy of the will – determinacy, particularization at first in general – each a particular – without distinction. Return of subjectivity and externality is here accomplishment; – sublation of the opposition.
    α) The abstractly universal [moment] of the activity of the will. Activity of self-consciousness, when the opposition has this determinacy. Sensuous mode of accomplishment – In each and every act of will – accomplishments of right the same – taking possession – crime – punishment – labor, the state – in any case spirit turning to spirit, – will turning to will. Accomplishment – that the other will lets it stand as valid.
    The relation of consciousness adds this side – Here what is considered are the determinations of the will – as such indeed to be realized in this way – but determinations – according to their nature and content – whether subjective or objective – Here validity α) rational in and for itself, β) in its own peculiar material, medium, i.e. in the subjective will – insofar as this is opposed to or not yet in conformity with the rational – opposition only of the universal rational will and the subjective will. 58 Opposition within the will itself – not of consciousness. Both sides spiritual. – Here objectification of the will in itself – concept, thought.

    All determinations of the will can be called purposes, determinations that are meant to hold – but there is no interest in regarding them in this way, because the content of the purpose, as of one not yet carried out, – and the objective purpose, are one and the same content.
    What is to be carried out here is the concept of freedom – it [is] the purpose; its execution, its objectification, is its development, the positing of the moments – (as determinations of freedom contained within it) – moments, which the concept – objectification here means this distinction – at one time included within the concept, at another time set apart –
    Shape of consciousness – also honor, fame, fear, hope, envy – consciousness of others regarding me – eating – how the object is determined, lack –

  2. Eduard Gans (Additions) Avatar
    Eduard Gans (Additions)

    The consideration of the determinacy of the will belongs to the understanding and is at first not speculative. The will is in general determined not only in the sense of content, but also in the sense of form. Determinacy according to form is purpose and the carrying out of the purpose: the purpose is at first only something inward to me, something subjective, but it is also meant to become objective, to cast off the deficiency of mere subjectivity. One may ask here: why is this a deficiency? If that which has a deficiency does not at the same time stand above its deficiency, then the deficiency is, for that thing, no deficiency at all. For us the animal is something deficient, but not for itself. The purpose, insofar as it is at first only ours, is for us a deficiency, for freedom and will are for us a unity of the subjective and the objective. The purpose is therefore to be posited objectively, and thereby it does not fall into a new one-sided determination, but arrives only at its realization.

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